Pediatric drug safety signal detection of non-chemotherapy drug-induced neutropenia and agranulocytosis using electronic healthcare records

ABSTRACTObjectives: This study aimed to develop a procedure to explore the adverse drug reaction signals of drug-induced neutropenia (DIN) or drug-induced agranulocytosis (DIA) in children using an electronic health records (EHRs) database.Methods: A two-stage design was presented. First, the suspected drugs to induce DIN or DIA were selected. Second, the associations were evaluated by a retrospective cohort study.Results: Ten and five drugs were potentially identified to be associated with DIN and DIA, respectively. Finally, five (oseltamivir, chlorpheniramine, vancomycin, meropenem, and ganciclovir) and two (chlorpheniramine, and vancomycin) drugs were found to be associated with DIN and DIA, respectively. Of these, the association between oseltamivir and neutropenia (P = 9.83 × 10–9; OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.62−2.69) was considered as a new signal for both adults and children. Chlorpheniramine-induced neutropenia (P = 3.01 × 10–8; OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.35−1.87) and agranulocytosis (P = 3.16 × 10–7; OR, 3.76; ...