Malabsorción e intolerancia a la fructosa : fructosa-sorbitol en patología funcional

espanolIntroduccion: la intolerancia a fructosa presenta una prevalencia del 40-60%. Es infradiagnosticada al inducir sintomatologia inespecifica confundible con patologia funcional. El test de hidrogeno espirado (THE) es una herramienta util para el diagnostico. Objetivos: analizar caracteristicas clinico/epidemiologicas de pacientes diagnosticados de intolerancia a fructosa/fructosa-sorbitol (IF/FS) mediante THE. Analizar su asociacion con otras patologias digestivas y pruebas funcionales. Valorar la respuesta al tratamiento dietetico. Material y metodos: estudio descriptivo-retrospectivo que analiza los THE con sobrecarga oral de F/FS realizados en nuestro centro desde enero a diciembre de 2015. Resultados: de 275 THE resultaron positivos 41,6%. En un modelo ajustado de regresion logistica, incluyendo sexo y edad, a mayor edad menor riesgo IF/IFS. Las mujeres presentan un 75% de mas riesgo que los hombres. El 43,2% diagnosticado previamente de dispepsia y 41% de SII, presentaron THE+. En cuanto a los sintomas que motivaron el test, fue positivo en 45,8% con dolor abdominal, 43,4% meteorismo, 42,3% diarrea y 41,5% distension abdominal. Durante el test destacan: dolor abdominal (85%), distension abdominal y diarrea (78% respectivamente). Conclusiones: en nuestro medio el 41,6% de los pacientes estudiados, presentaron THE+. La edad y el sexo varon se consideran factores de menor riesgo. Se aconseja valorar esta entidad en cuadros funcionales (SII). Durante el THE el sintoma mas frecuente es dolor abdominal. EnglishIntroduction: fructose intolerance has a prevalence of 40-60%. It is underdiagnosed as it induces nonspecific symptomatology confused with functional pathology. The hydrogen breath test (HBT) is a useful diagnostic tool. Aims of this study: analyzing clinical/epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with fructose/fructose-sorbitol intolerance (FI/FSI) by HBT. Analyzing its association with other digestive pathologies and functional tests. Assessing the response to dietary treatment. Material and methods: descriptive-retrospective study that analyzes HBTs with oral overload of F/FS performed in our center from january to december 2015. Results: from 275 HBTs 41.6% were positive. An adjusted logistic regression model, including sex and age, showed the older the patient was the lower the risk from suffering to FI/FSI was. Women are 75% more at risk than men. 43.2% of patients previously diagnosed with dyspepsia and 41% of patients diagnosed with IBS, presented HBT+. As for the symptoms motivating the test, it was positive in 45.8% of cases with abdominal pain, 43.4% with meteorism, 42.3% with diarrhea and 41.5% with abdominal distension. The following diseases were present during the test: abdominal pain (85%), abdominal distension and diarrhea (78%, respectively). Conclusions: in our setting, 41.6% of the patients studied presented HBT+. Age and male sex are considered lower risk factors. It is advisable to evaluate this entity in functional tables (IBS). During HBT the most frequent symptom was abdominal pain.