A multi-purpose high-pressure and high temperature gas-flow cell for operando optical Raman spectroscopy

A multi-purpose in operando optical cell with temperature and gas pressure control is described. This device allows for in operando Raman spectroscopy measurements for different applications. Its original design includes a temperature control from room temperature up to 1000°C and a heating stage that provides uniform and stable thermal conditions. The pressure control of the cell ranges from 10−1 Pa to 6 MPa, and it is compatible with different gases. Both oxidizing and reducing gases are allowed to pass through the sample surface under study. The device has been calibrated and applied to collect Raman spectra for different reaction systems under various operating temperatures and pressures.