Rhodococcus ruber as a cause of keratitis.

Purpose: To report a case of suppurative keratitis caused by Rhodococcus ruber in a healthy 31-year-old male patient. Methods: Ocular examination of the patient revealed a central corneal epithelial defect following trauma, with severe anterior chamber reaction hypopyon. Corneal scrapings were performed from the base of the ulcer and were subjected to routine microbiologic investigation including direct microscopic techniques (Gram stain and 10% KOH), and culture was done on blood agar and potato dextrose agar. Biochemical analysis and antibiotic sensitivity testing were done on the isolate, and additional confirmation was done by DNA sequencing. Results: The isolate was identified as Rhodococcus ruber, an uncommon cause of suppurative keratitis. The isolate was found to be sensitive to augmentin, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole, tobramycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: We present a case of Rhodococcus ruber, which was successfully treated. Even if the clinical picture of ulcer is nonspecific, the need of a routine microbiologic examination and sequencing proves to be confirmatory in cases of suppurative keratitis, where the causative organisms are varied in nature.