Hydro-chemical and bacteriological Study of Some Sources of Groundwater in the GHIS-NEKOR and the BOKOYA Aquifers (AL HOCEIMA, MOROCCO)

This study carried out on the BOKOYA and GHIS-NEKOR tablecloth, which located in the North of Morocco. This work aims to study the quality of groundwater in the Al Hoceima region intended for human consumption, and their Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterization. As well as the determination of the primary sources of contamination for their protection and their preservation according to the Moroccan water law, especially since those waters are very requested by the inhabitants of the region, which constitutes a potential risk when the waters of those groundwaters are being consumed without any treatment. Main water analyzes carried out: i) Physico-chemical analyzes of drinking water (Total Organic Carbon, Total and residual chlorine, Water hardness and alkalinity, Metals, Nitrites/Nitrates, pH, turbidity, color), ii) Microbiological analyzes (Total coliforms and atypical bacteria, Fecal coliforms (E. coli), Fecal Streptococci and enterococci). The Analysis of the overall water quality revealed that the results of the physicochemical analyzes of point P1, P2, and P4 are of poor quality to inferior quality. Moreover, for the bacteriological results, point P1, P2, and P3 are average to poor quality. Multivariate data analysis (PCA) has made it possible to classify those waters into two groups: more mineralized group (P1, P4, P5), and less mineralized group (P2, P3). The deterioration in the quality of the water in the BOKOYA and GHIS-NEKOR groundwaters may be resulted from anthropogenic origin. It may also be related to the dissolution of the minerals that make up the soil.