Passive Thermal Protection

The development of aerospace engineering has given rise to the need to create lightweight high-temperature structures, polymeric and composite materials, fiberglasses and carbon fiber-reinforced polymers that are widely used as thermal protective materials. Polymer composites contain a thermoset plastic binder as a matrix (e.g., phenol-formaldehyde resins) and a filler-reinforcing elements in the form of glass and carbon-fiber fabrics.