Efficacy of Multilayer Flow Modulator in treatment of thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm in a case of Behçet's disease

Abstract Behcet's disease (BD) is a multi-systemic, autoimmune primitive vascularity of unknown aetiology. It is common around the Mediterranean basin and in south-east Asia. Arterial lesions are relatively rare but when they involve the aorta, and they become life-threatening. The classic treatment for pseudoaneurysms combines surgery and double therapy with an immunosuppressant and steroids. The risk of recurrence and the life-threatening risk of surgical treatment have led to a preference for endovascular treatment for the complex aortic localisations linked to BD. We report an original observation of a symptomatic distal thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm with haemothorax which revealed BD. We treated it with the implantation of a Multilayer Flow Modulator combined with double therapy: immunosuppressants and steroids. Two years after the procedure, the patient is in good condition with a follow-up CT scan showing total disappearance of aneurysmal sac and patent visceral arteries.