Major metabolites after degradation of xenobiotics and enzymes involved in these pathways

Abstract Due to large-scale requirements for xenobiotics, many are now synthesized. These are synthetic compounds used in a number of processes. They can affect people and other animals by disrupting their endocrine systems via various modes. To minimize the biomagnifications of these toxic compounds in the food chain (trophic level) microbial-based technology has an important role. Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi mainly use these compounds as a source of nutrition. The microbes convert toxic compounds through their metabolism into nontoxic compounds, that is, environmentally accepted forms. It was noted by various researchers that xenobiotic compounds follow a common metabolic route during the degradation process. Several enzymes participate during the complete degradation of any xenobiotics through microbial metabolism. This chapter mainly emphasizes the major metabolites during biodegradation of xenobiotics and enzymes involved in these reactions.