Modulite: a means of designing the aerosols generated by pressurized metered dose inhalers.

Although popular, the pressurized metered dose inhaler generates coarse, fast moving clouds so that the fraction reaching the lung is small. These shortcomings can be redressed by Nodulite ® which permutes the following variables: the non-volatile components of a solution formula, the actuator orifice geometry, the volume of the metered solution and the vapour pressure of the propellants.This permits the design of aerosols with chosen particle size and plume speed.This facilitates co-ordination of dose generation with inspiration, reduces oropharyngeal deposition and provides a mechanism for targeting drug delivery to different parts of the lung.These pnndples are exemplified by designing an HFA- propelled beclometasone dipropionate product which closely matches existing products which use chlorofluorocarbons. @2_002 Elsevier Science Ltd