Об экологической безопасности водных объектов

Basic methods of estimation of the water bodies ecological state are presented in this paper. It is shown that the traditional indicators and indices using in hydrobiology may not adequately describe the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems. Integral index of trophical state (ITS) based on linear dependence of pH on the oxygen saturation of water was elaborated in the State University of Architecture аnd Civil Engineering. The representativity of the ITS was proved by the results of empirical research of different water bodies. ITS has been used to creation a statistical model to solve a number of problems related to ecological safety of the water bodies. The model makes it possible to: calculate the environmentally permissible concentration of nutrients in the reservoir; count ecological reserve of the water body, including the site of wastewater discharge; calculate the concentration of nutrients in the wastewater permissible for discharge into the water body within the its ecological reserve; determine the necessary degree of purification of wastewater from nutrients for each of treatment plant of the city. The model verification was fulfilled on the examples of the Neva Bay and the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea).