ATP-sensitive potassium channels: key players in pathophysiology of many diseases.

ATP-sensitive potassium channels have been an intensively studied type of protein complexes incorporated in the cell membrane for several decades. Their unique function makes them special, as they create a connection between the metabolic state and membrane voltage of the cell. This position of a bridge involved in many cellular cascades allow them to participate in various processes at often surprising positions in nearly all organ systems of the body, from the pancreas, heart muscle or retina, to the central nervous system. This review summarizes the most important roles of ATP-sensitive potassium channels focusing on their possible clinical use within particular organ systems.