The behaviour of neurogenic tumours of the maxillofacial region

Summary In 37 patients with neurogenic tumours of the maxillofacial region, epidemiology, clinical, sonographical and computer tomographical findings as well as the results of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), histopathological evaluation of biopsies and flow cytometric determination of DNA ploidy, were analyzed in order to detect characteristics distinguishing the behaviour of the neoplasm prior to resection. Simultaneous histopathological and flow cytometric evaluation of biopsies is recommended to avoid the danger of mistaking ancient schwannomas for malignancies and vice versa. FNAC proved to be unreliable in these cases. The retromaxillary/pterygomandibular region appeared to be the most likely site for malignant schwannoma. Von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis in the patient or in their family should lead to immediate investigation of any mass developing in the vicinity of the facial or trigeminal nerves.