CRISPR_Cas systems for fungal research

Abstract Genome-editing CRISPR-Cas systems, using Cas9 and Cas12a endonucleases, have improved our ability to precisely edit genomes and control gene expression. We summarize here the knowledge gained from using CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a in fungal research. Also discussed are strategies developed for limiting the occurrences of off-target mutations caused by CRISPR-Cas genome editing.