Superficial Vein Thrombosis

Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT), also known as superficial thrombophlebitis, is historically thought of as a benign condition that can always be treated symptomatically with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and elastic compression. However, many studies have reported an association of SVT with venous thromboembolism (VTE), with rates of concomitant deep vein thrombosis (DVT) as high as 53% and pulmonary embolism (PE) as high as 33% with lung scanning. In addition, SVT recurrence and extension is often reported. Although well-designed, randomized, controlled trials are few in this patient population, data suggest that anticoagulation in general and low-molecular-weight heparins specifically are the most effective treatment for SVT for resolving symptoms, preventing SVT recurrence or extension, and preventing VTE. When the significant morbidity and mortality associated with VTE is considered, it is reasonable that anticoagulation be used in all patients with SVT.