Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 Is Upregulated Upon Intervertebral Mechanical Stress-Induced Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy in a Rabbit Model

Study Design.Case-control study of an animal model.Objective.To investigate the factors that are upregulated and potentially related to degenerative changes in the ligamentum flavum (LF) upon mechanical stress concentration.Summary of Background Data.LF hypertrophy is reported to be associated with