A Contribution to the Standardization of GPS and GLONASS Time Transfers

Abstract : The international time metrology community has already succeeded in the implementation, in the almost all type of GPS time receivers, of uniform software for the treatment of raw data. For the GLONASS and GPS/GLONASS time receivers now arriving on the market, it was decided to adapt, roughly and for temporary use, standards devised for GPS. In this paper specific problems for these two new type receivers are identified and solutions for standards and format update are suggested. The paper also reports briefly on international decisions recognizing advantages of using of both systems. So far, no standards address the difficulties experienced with time receiver hardware. The best-known hardware problem is sensitivity to external temperature. This paper suggests that the temperature of antennas be held constant by enclosing them in temperature-stabilized ovens.