Quorum Sensing Inhibitors as an Alternate to Antibiotic Against Biotic Pressure Induced Bacterial Contamination in Aquaculture

Aquaculture is a fastest growing, effervescent food producing sector with an annual growth rate of about 10% globally. At present, fin fish and shell fish are the major cog of coastal aquaculture and are now considered as an important source of protein available for human consumption. Despite such progressive growth, the production from aquaculture was hampered by emerging bacterial diseases, resulting in immense mortalities and usher to severe economic losses worldwide. Emerging bacterial disease problems have overwhelmed the aquaculture industry in the past and continue to menace it. Intensification of aquatic animal cultivation has added to the headway of numerous diseases like vibriosis, motile aeromonad septicemia, necrotizing hepatopancreatitis, hemorrhagic septicemia and early mortality syndrome. Subsequently, the unsystematic usage of antimicrobial and other therapeutic agents results in the development of resistance among bacterial pathogens and made the existing treatment measures futile. Increased contamination of the aquaculture with bacterial pathogens has paved the way for efficient approaches which can be applied for environmental restoration. Now, quorum sensing inhibitors are the candidate molecules of choice chosen as the best alternatives in bioremediation process to the existing antimicrobial agents. They act as natural immune enhancers, which hassle the development of drug resistance among bacterial pathogens. This review present an overview of the existing major bacterial diseases in aquaculture sector and endow with an information on the deleterious impacts of antibiotics usage and novel alternative strategies for reducing the risk of antibiotic resistance mediated bacterial infections in aquaculture industry.