Agaricus blazei in the environmental protection area in the environmental protection area in the environmental protection area in the environmental protection area of the Baturité region under three types of casing soils of the Baturité region under three types of casing soils of the Baturité region under three types of casing soils of the Baturité region under three types of casing soils

2008 
The outdoor cultivation (ditches) of Agaricus blazei was evaluated in the protected natural area (APA) of the mountainous region of Baturite on three types of casing soils (A, B and C). Casing soil A (horizon A) of the local soil was used (Alfisol). Casing B was obtained with a mixture of 30% of eucalyptus charcoal (1-2 cm of length) and 70% of horizon B of the local soil. Casing C was composed of 25% of vermiculite, 25% of coconut fiber and 50% of coarse sand. Temperature, relative humidity and pluviometric rates were monitored. The physical-chemical properties of the three casing soils were analyzed. The effect of the casing soil on the number and weight of the mushrooms, productivity, yield and biological efficiency of A. blazei were evaluated. The yield, productivity, biological efficiency and number of mushrooms were higher when using soil A. The highest productivity for soil A was attributed mainly to the physical characteristics, which were considered more appropriate for the cultivation, in addition to the high pluviometric rates and relative humidity. The productivity with soil A (9.62%) is comparable with the average productivity obtained in Brazil, meaning that the cultivation of A. blazei in this APA may have good perspectives for cultivation. RESUMO. Cultivo de Agaricus blazei, na area de protecao ambiental da regiao de Baturite, em tres tipos de camada de cobertura. Foi avaliada a possibilidade de cultivo em ambiente desprotegido (campo), do cogumelo Agaricus blazei, na area de Protecao Ambiental (APA), da regiao montanhosa de Baturite (CE), com o uso de tres tipos de camada de cobertura (A, B e C). A camada de cobertura A foi composta de horizonte A de um solo local (Alfisol). A camada de cobertura B foi obtida pela da mistura de 30% de carvao de eucalipto (fragmentos com 1-2 cm) com 70% de horizonte B do mesmo solo local. Ja, a camada C foi composta de 25% de vermiculita, 25% de fibra de coco e 50% de areia de construcao. A temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e indice pluviometrico foram monitorados e as propriedades fisico-quimicas das tres camadas de coberturas foram analisadas, bem como os seus efeitos relacionados ao numero e massa fresca de cogumelos, eficiencia biologica, produtividade e producao de A. blazei . A produtividade, producao, eficencia biologica e numero de cogumelos foram mais elevadas na camada A, em relacao as camadas B e C. Os valores mais elevados obtidos pela camada A foram atribuidos as suas caracteristicas fisico-quimicas consideradas mais apropridadas ao cultivo, apesar das condicoes de elevados indices pluviometrico e umidade relativa do ar. A produtividade da camada A (9,62%) demonstrou-se compativel com a media de produtividade obtida no Brasil, tendo boas perspectivas de cultivo deste cogumelo nesta APA. Palavras-chave: Agaricus blazei , cultivo desprotegido, camada de cobertura, cogumelo medicinal.
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