Investigating selected adhesion molecules as urinary biomarkers for diagnosing endometriosis
2020
Abstract Research Question Are selected cell adhesion molecules useful as urinary biomarkers for diagnosing endometriosis? Design Prospective, longitudinal study (the Endometriosis Marker Austria) in patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for benign gynecological pathologies. A total of 149 patients not receiving hormonal treatment for at least 3 months prior to recruitment were included and preoperative urine protein levels of soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1), ICAM-1 (sICAM-1), E-selectin, and P-selectin were measured using a magnetic bead-based multiplex assay, normalized to creatinine levels of each sample. Levels were correlated with endometriosis status, menstrual cycle phase, body mass index, cigarette smoking and severity and entity of the lesions. Results Urine levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, E-selectin and P-selectin did not differ between women with (n=84) and without (n=65) endometriosis and among subgroups. Accordingly, ROC analysis to examine the value of using sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, E-selectin and P-selectin levels and sVCAM/sICAM ratio to diagnose endometriosis were not significant. In addition we examined whether the serum sVCAM-1 levels correlate with the urine levels of the protein in the same women, which revealed no significant correlations for sVCAM or sICAM. Conclusion Although our previous study suggests that serum sVCAM is a promising biomarker for diagnosing endometriosis, we found no significant differences in urine levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, E-selectin and P-selectin between women with and without endometriosis. Other markers should be studied in an effort to establish a truly non-invasive, urinary test for diagnosing endometriosis.
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