Impact of Thermal Insulation and Type of Windows on Energy Demand of Buildings with Passive House Standard

The building orientation and the thickness of the thermal isolation of the building envelope are one of the factors affecting the achievement of the Passive House standard. Other important factors are the windows. For the windows the three basic parameters that influence the achievement of the Passive House standard are: the size of the windows in facade elements, the type of the glass and the type of the window frames. Analysis based on variations of all these parameters give a clear picture of the impact of each of these parameters as well as of their combination on the energy needs of the Passive House. The calculations presented in this paper were based on the methods of thermodynamics, using MKS EN and DIN standards, and the program packages PHPP 2007, HEAT2 and NOVOLIT