Adherence characteristics and reasons for abandonment of physical exercise-based interventionsin older adults in Latin America: A scoping review

espanolEsta revision describe las caracteristicas de adherencia y motivos de abandono de las intervenciones basadas en ejercicio fisico en adultos mayores en America Latina. Esta revision de alcance se realizo de acuerdo con la declaracion PRISMA. Los articulos fueron buscados en MEDLINE por PubMed, ELSEVIER por SCOPUS y SciELO. Los terminos MeSH "Ejercicio", Terapia de ejercicio "y" Anciano "se utilizaron entre 2015 y 2020. Se buscaron articulos en espanol, ingles y portugues realizados en personas de 65 anos o mas. Se incluyeron 101 de 4.642 ensayos aleatorizados controlados (ECA), en una muestra total de 5.013 adultos mayores (79% mujeres), con una edad promedio de 68,2 anos, que iniciaron sus estudios finalizando 4.312, presentando una adherencia a las intervenciones del 86%. La mayoria de los estudios fueron realizado en adultos mayores sanos, en lugares habilitados para la practica de actividad fisica, a cargo de un profesional de actividad fisica, y las intervenciones se realizaron a traves de ejercicio terapeutico grupal. Ningun articulo reporto informacion sobre el tiempo minimo de participacion a la sesion Solo el 30% de los articulos informaron la participacion minima de los adultos mayores en la intervencion para incluirlos en el analisis del estudio, y el 21% informo el numero medio de sesiones. atendidos a la intervencion. Los principales motivos de abandono fueron causas personales ajenas a la intervencion. Solo el 5% de los articulos reportaron lesion de uno de los participantes (en dos de ellos la lesion estuvo relacionada con la intervencion aplicada). Esta revision caracterizo los programas de ejercicio fisico en adultos mayores en America Latina, asi como las caracteristicas de adherencia y los principales motivos de abandono a las intervenciones basadas en ejercicio fisico, al resumir la evidencia disponible derivada de ECA. EnglishThis review describes the adherence characteristics and reasons for abandonment physical exercise-based interventions in older adults in Latin America. This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Articles were searched in MEDLINE by PubMed, ELSEVIER by SCOPUS and SciELO. The MeSH terms "Exercise", Exercise Therapy" and "Aged" were used between 2015 and 2020. We searched for articles in Spanish, English, and Portuguese carried out in people aged 65 years and over.101 out of 4,642 randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included. A total sample of 5,013 older adults (79% women), with an average age of 68.2 years started their studies and 4,312 finished it, presenting an adherence to the interventions of 86%. Most of the studies were carried out in healthy older adults, in places enabled for the practice of physical activity, in charge of a physical activity professional, and the interventions were performed carried out through group therapeutic exercise. No article reported information on the minimum time of participation to the session to be considered as carried out. Only 30% of the articles reported the minimum participation of older adults in the intervention to include them in the study analysis, and 21% reported the average number of sessions attended to the intervention. The main reasons for abandonment were personal causes unrelated to the intervention. Only 5% of the articles reported injury of one of the participants (in two of them the injury was related to the intervention applied). This review characterized the physical exercise programs in older adults in Latin America, as well the adherence characteristics and the main reasons for abandonment to physical exercise-based interventions, by summarizing available evidence derived from RCTs.