Optimization of astaxanthin production processes from microalga Haematococcus

Abstract Industrial processes of natural AX production from Haematococcus pluvialis have been developed for decades, and dozens of production facilities have been established throughout the world. However, it might be imprudent to conclude the process development so far is a great success since the production cost is still much higher than that of synthetic astaxanthin. To further develop the technology, we in this chapter try to describe the current production processes and production facilities, to summarize process optimization efforts, to analyze the R&D strategies for process improvement, to evaluate novel production methodologies, and to propose further research ideas.