Environmental Characteristics of the Atmosphere of Residential Agglomerations I. Dustiness of the Agglomerations

The dustiness of residential agglomerations is of complicated character and it is divided into two groups: the gravitation dust sediments, and the airborne dust. For the general environment, the gravitation dust sediments, as the main part of the whole dustiness is more important. On the other hand, the airborne dust is more toxic only for the human population. Generally it is valid that the monthly change of the amount of dust particles is besides the dustiness by emission sources significantly caused by the meteorological situation, namely by the amount of atmospheric precipitations and by the character of dominant winds. The agricultural activities, namely the scattered soil particles influence the regional dustiness laterally. By comparing the dustiness of the residential agglomerations in Germany with the dustiness of the Kosice valley it is possible to say that the German agglomerations are characterized with lower dustiness of factor about 3 to 7. For both agglomeration systems, with the exception of not typical artefactual value, are valid decrease and increase of the amount of gravitation dust sediments in the dry and in the wet atmospheric periods, respectively.