The impact of diet on cardiometabolic syndrome

Cardiometabolic syndrome is a disease of unhealthy diet and lifestyle. It is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, including elevated triglyceride levels, fasting plasma glucose level (hyperglycaemia), elevated blood pressure, increased waist circumference, and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level. It is a multifactorial risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Diet and nutrition play major roles in the prevention and management of chronic disease, especially cardiometabolic syndrome. Diets higher in fruits, vegetables, fibre, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, tree nuts, and potassium have been associated with a lower risk of cardiometabolic syndrome. This paper briefly introduces the effects of the Westernised diet, Mediterranean diet, Palaeolithic diet, glycaemic index diet, vegetarian diet, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on the progression of cardiometabolic syndrome.