Effects of Surfactant on Formation of Water Bell

Water bell which resulted from the equilibrium between surface tension and centrifugal acceleration was found by Felix Savart in 1833 for the first time. To investigate the effects of surfactant on water bell formation, we took photographs of the water bells for distilled water and dilute surfactant solutions with high-speed video camera and digital camera. From the analysis of these photos, it was found that the surface shapes at the same injection pressure were almost same in spite of an addition of surfactant and became very stable when the surfactant was added. Then we performed a numerical simulation based on the equilibrium of a liquid sheet. Results showed the closely coincidence with the calculated shapes and the measured ones.