Target localisation from bistatic range measurements in multistatic passive radar using MDS

The target localisation in a multistatic passive radar system using bistatic range measurements from multiple transmitter–receiver pairs is considered. A novel closed-form solution employing multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis technique is proposed, which is based on the optimisation of a cost function related to the scalar product matrix in the classical MDS framework. The proposed solution is robust to large measurement noise. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed solution achieves a significant performance improvement over existing spherical interpolation, spherical intersection and two-step weighted least squares methods, and attains the Cramer–Rao lower bound at a relatively higher measurement noise level before the threshold effect occurs.