CPDA-1 Stored Blood Induced Effect on Hematological and Biochemical Parameter up to 28 Days

Introduction: When blood is stored outside the body, some hematological and biochemical changes take place resulting in reduced red blood cells survival which is an important drawback when transfused into the circulation of a recipient. Objective: The stability of hematological parameters like RBC count, WBC count, differential count, platelet count, MCV, MCH, MCHC and biochemical parameters like S. Sodium, S. Potassium, S. Chloride and albumin during extended storage at 4°C for up to 28 days was evaluated. Materials and Methods: The present research was conducted in L.N. Medical College and J.K. Hospital, Bhopal, in collaboration with blood bank department of our institute. 450 mL of blood was drawn from 30 healthy volunteer donors into citrate phosphate dextrose adenine (CPDA-1) anticoagulant (63 mL). The blood was kept for 28 days and samples were evaluated on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results: Among the hematological parameters, there was a constant decline in WBC and platelet counts from day 0 to 28. RBC count, Hb, MCV, HCT showed increasing values; MCH was almost constant, while MCHC decreased. PDW increased while PCT increased till 4th day and then decreased. Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes decreased, Basophils remained constant while lymphocytes increased. Among the biochemical parameters, values of S. Sodium decreased, S. Chloride decreased till 3rd day, increased on 4th day and then again decreased on 5th day. S. Potassium and albumin showed increasing values. Conclusion: Extended storage of blood in blood banks leads to changes in biochemical and hematological parameters of stored blood. RBC stored for a period of time at 4°C loses viability. Some may undergo spontaneous hemolysis while in storage; others lose the ability to survive in the recipient’s circulation following transfusion. The structural and biochemical changes that RBCs go through during storage are likely to contribute to adverse transfusion effects.