ÉPOCAS DE MANEJO QUÍMICO DE COBERTURAS DE SOLO PARA O FEIJOEIRO EM PLANTIO DIRETO

It was carried out an experiment, at the ABC Foundation Experiment Station, Castro, PR, to study the effects of soil cover crops chemical management time on dry beams yield and its components. The experimental design was a randomized complete block on split-plot, with four replications. The tested treatments were the combination of five soil cover crops (white oats, black oats, ryegrass, forage turnip, and wheat on the plots, and three chemical management times [0, 15 and 30 days before seedling (DAS), on the split-plots, for the dry beans ‘FT Bonito’ variety. Dry beans seeded on ryegrass cover crop showed the best initial and final plant populations. White oats get the lowest initial plant population, and wheat the lowest final one. The chemical management times did not showed any significant effect on the plant population. It was not verified, on the treatments, any significant difference on the average number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and yield. The mass average of 100 grains were affected by the chemical management time and soil cover crop species. It was higher at 0 and 15 DAS for black oats and forage turnip, at 15 DAS for white oats, at 0 and 30 DAS for wheat, and it was indifferent for ryegrass.