The Global Trends in Incidence of Different Oral Disorders: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 and the Impact on the Prevention

Background: Oral disorders(OD) are the most common diseases in the world, ranking third in incidence. The etiology of OD is diverse, and there is little research on the incidence trend of different OD in different regions. Therefore, we aimed to determine the incidence pattern and time trend of OD.   Methods: We collected detailed information on 4 OD between 1990 and 2017 from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in OD, age-standardized incidence rate (ASR), and estimates based on gender, region and etiology were calculated to quantify the temporal trends in OD.   Findings: Globally, the incidence cases of OD increased 31.4%, from 2.74 billion in 1990 to 3.60 billion in 2017. The overall EAPC decreased 0.04% (95% CI -0.05% - -0.02%). The EAPC of Periodontal diseases (PD) increased 0.18 (95% CI 0.15-0.21). The EAPC of caries of permanent teeth remained stable, while the ASR of CDT and edentulism and severe tooth loss (EST) gradually decreased, with corresponding EAPC of -0.13 (95% CI -0.15 - -0.11) and -0.14 (95% CI -0.19- -0.09). OD have been observed to have the most significant growth in Belgium and Spain, while a most significant decline in Nigeria. PD showed a downward trend in the areas with high Socio-demographic Index (SDI) but an upward trend in the other four. EST have declined significantly in countries with a high SDI.   Interpretation: OD are an important public health problem in the world. The rising incidence of PD cannot be ignored. We observed that the trend of OD incidence is closely related to the value of the national SDI. What is worth noting, Nigeria has the best control of OD incidence worldwide. More targeted and specific strategies should be developed in some countries to reduce the incidence of OD.   Funding Statement: This study was supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China (No.16BGL183) and the Foundation of Health Commission of Hubei, China (No. WJ2017M072) Declaration of Interest: The author reports no conflicts of interest in this work.