Experiencia de las pacientes frente a citología cérvico-vaginal reportada como ASCUS o LEI de bajo grado en dos instituciones de Bogotá (Colombia), 2014

Objective : To describe patient knowledge regarding the use of cytology, as well as the emotions and behaviours elicited by a positive vaginal cytology result of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LG-SIL). Materials and methods: Qualitative phenomenological research aimed at identifying experiences among women between 18 and 69 years of age presenting for the first time because of a cervicovaginal cytology finding of ASCUS or LG-SIL to the cervical pathology units of two intermediate complexity centres in Bogota, one of them a public institution and the other a private outpatient centre. The sample size was determined by theoretical saturation on the basis of a consecutive sampling. Focus groups and interviews were conducted, and the information was recorded and transcribed afterwards. Categories were created for experience assessment: socio-demographic and affective characteristics, cognition, and behaviour. Editing was used for a narrative analysis style in order to organize the information gathered for synthesis and interpretation purposes. Results: Twenty-seven women were included. An abnormal cytology result gives rise to feelings of guilt and is associated with anxiety and fear of having cervical cancer, given that it is not clear to them that cervicovaginal cytology is a screening test. The main behaviour after receiving the cytology result was to give priority to the medical appointment. There are changes in the relationships with the partners due to perceived infidelity secondary to HPV infection. Conclusions: Cervicovaginal cytology is is considered by patients of the greatest importance and mandatory given the need to prevent and treat cervical cancer.