Bismuth surfactant mediated growth of InAs quantum dots by molecular beam epitaxy

This paper explores the significance of using bismuth as a surfactant during the molecular beam epitaxy growth of InAs quantum dots (QDs). The results show that Bi-mediated growth provides a practical solution towards achieving lower density QDs with high optical quality. The InAs QDs grown using Bi as a surfactant exhibit a 50 % lower QD density, narrower QD size distribution, and a doubled photoluminescence peak intensity at 16 K compared to those grown without Bi.