Influencias del entorno universitario en la elección de la especialidad de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria

espanolObjetivo: explorar la relacion entre los aspectos de la formacion universitaria y la eleccion de la especialidad de Enfermeria Familiar y Comunitaria (EFyC). Metodo: estudio descriptivo transversal a enfermeros internos residentes (EIR) y especialistas que realizan o realizaron formacion especializada de EFyC en Cataluna. Cuestionario adhoc online. Analisis estadistico: para variables categoricas, frecuencia absoluta y relativa; y para variables numericas, promedio y desviacion estandar. Comparacion de variables: test exacto de Fisher, test de Wilcoxon o U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: 55 participantes, 90,9% mujeres, con promedio de 26,7 anos, 54,6% residentes y 45,4% especialistas, el 56,3% diplomados. Duracion de practicas en Atencion Primaria (AP) y Comunitaria superior a dos meses: 66,7% en grado; 58,1% en diplomatura. Factores asociados a la eleccion de la especialidad: 45,4% con el numero EIR, y el 30,9% considero que hay alguna razon asociada a practicas en AP y Comunitaria. El promedio de nota en satisfaccion con la formacion universitaria fue de 6,9 en practicas y 5,9 en formacion teorica. El 63,6% eligio esta especialidad como primera opcion, considerando el numero EIR y la motivacion personal como prioritarias y asociandose con una mayor satisfaccion con las practicas (p= 0,001). Conclusiones: existe relacion entre priorizacion de la especialidad con promociones mas recientes y EIR/especialistas que efectuaron las practicas por un periodo superior a un mes. No se detecto asociacion entre priorizacion de la especialidad con satisfaccion de la formacion teorica, pero si en la practica. Si existe relacion con la motivacion y el numero EIR en la eleccion de la especialidad. Se concluye que es importante la formacion universitaria en la eleccion de la especialidad de EFyC. EnglishObjective: to explore the association between university education aspects and the choice of the Family and Community Nursing specialty. Method: a descriptive transversal study with resident nurse interns and specialists that are conducting or have conducted specialized training on Family and Community Nursing in Catalonia. An ad hoc online questionnaire was used. There was a statistical analysis for categorical variables, absolute and relative frequency, and for numeric variables, average and standard deviation. Comparison of variables through Fisher’s exact test, Wilcoxon’s test, or Mann-Whitney’s U Test. Results: there were 55 participants, 90.9% were women, with an average age of 26.7 years: 54.6% were residents and 45.4% were specialist, and 56.3% of them had their degree. The length of practice in Primary Care (PC) and Community Care was over two months: 66.7% at qualification, 58.1% at graduation. Factors associated with the choice of specialty: 45.4% with the resident nurse intern numbers, and 30.9% considered that there was no reason associated with practices in PC and Community Care. The average score in Satisfaction with University Training was 6.9% for practices and 5.9% for theoretical training. Of this sample, 63.6% selected this specialty as their first option, considering the resident nurse intern number and personal motivation as their priority, and associated with a higher satisfaction with practices (p= 0.001). Conclusions: there is an association between specialty prioritization and the most recent graduate classes and resident nurse interns/specialists who conducted practices for a period longer than one month. No association was detected between specialty prioritization and satisfaction with theoretical training, but there was an association in practice. There was an association with motivation and resident nurse intern number in specialty selection. The conclusion is that university education is important in terms of the choice of the Family and Community Nursing specialty.