Graphene oxide as a sustainable metal and solvent free catalyst for dehydration of fructose to 5-HMF: A new and green protocol

Abstract The metal free catalytic dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) using graphene oxide catalyst is reported. The reaction has been employed under solvent free condition with high reactivity and selectivity. The metal free catalyst, graphene oxide was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TEM, and Raman spectroscopy.