The anodic films on lead alloys containing rare-earth elements as positive grids in lead acid battery

Abstract The properties of the anodic films formed on Pb, Pb—1 at.% Pr and Pb—1 at.% Gd alloys as positive grids in lead acid battery in sulfuric acid solution were studied using ac voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry. The experimental results show that both additives, Pr and Gd, can remarkably decrease the resistance of the anodic Pb(II) film grown at 0.9 V (vs. Hg/Hg 2 SO 4 ) and stimulate the growth of the anodic PbO 2 film, but only Gd obviously inhibits the growth of the anodic Pb(II) film.