A River Water Level Monitoring System Using Android-Based Wireless Sensor Networks for a Flood Early Warning System

The water level of a river needs to be monitored to anticipate the occurrence of flooding. People who live in flood prone areas should know the height of the river water level early enough before flooding occurs. This study had designed and developed a river water level monitoring systems using ultrasonic sensors and a microcontroller-based Android smartphone. The sensor system sends information about the river water level continuously to the microcontroller. The microcontroler analyzes the information and the analysis results are disseminated to the public by means of the Android smartphone equipped with the flood detection application. The test results on the performance of ultrasonic sensors show an average error rate of 1.121 % and an error rate on the speed of change in the water level of 1 cm. Sending SMS on smartphones gets the average delivery time of 5.414 s. For further research, we will design a system monitoring the water level of the river using wireless ultrasonic sensor network as a flood early warning system based on microcontroller and Android smartphone.