Simulation models of multi-cylinder paper drying

ABSTRACT The literature on simulation models for multi-cylinder paper dryers is surveyed, 20 such models being reviewed. Models for intraweb heat and mass transfer are treated extensively, a separate chapter being devoted to them. In some of the models the specific physical transfer phenomena are modelled in detail, whereas in other models a more macroscopic approach is adopted. Normally the latter approach requires the incorporation of a large number of empirical constants into the model to describe the complicated heat and mass transfer processes involved and to obtain a reasonable agreement between the model and the measured data. In order to develop the simulation models further without use of an inordinately large number of empirical constants, the different physical phenomena which occur in the dryer must be modelled in greater detail, bnsed both on fundnmental theory and on empirical correlations.