Spectroscopic investigation of photoinduced heterogeneous electron transfer

Spectroscopic investigation of photoinduced heterogeneous electron transfer i Abstract vii Kurzzusammenfassung ix Publications xv List of Figures xxi List of Tables xxiii Acronyms xxv Abbreviations xxvii 1 Introduction 3 1.1 General aspects and outline of this thesis 1 1.2 Introduction to electron transfer theory 4 1.3 State of the art and open questions 13 2 Experimental setup 19 2.1 UHV chamber for gas and liquid environment 19 2.2 Laser system 27 3 Experimental system 37 3.1 The chromophores: derivatives of perylene 37 3.2 The semiconductor: TiO2 anatase 47 3.3 Characterization of the adsorbate-surface binding confguration: FT-IR spectroscopy 52 3.4 Energy level alignment at the surface 56 4 Electron transfer dynamics 63 4.1 Strong coupling case: DTB-Pe-COOH on TiO2 63 4.2 Electron transfer: Dependence on the chemical nature of the anchor group 88 4.3 Electron transfer: Dependence on the chemical nature of the bridge 95 4.4 Further aspects of interfacial electron transfer 110 5 Summary 121 Appendix 125 Analytical tools 125 A.1 Details of the MO calculations . 125 A.2 Details of the UPS and XPS measurements . 129 A.3 Further analytical tools 131 Bibliography 133 Acknowledgement 155 Curriculum vitae 157