Manufacturing Paradigms and Evolution

The manufacturing industry is heading toward mass customization, personalization, servitization, socialization, and global collaboration. For realization of economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable manufacturing industry, Smart Manufacturing (SM) is emerging through the convergence of existing manufacturing with cutting edge ICT technologies. Emerging disruptive technologies is the enabler for industrie 4.0. There are several emerging manufacturing paradigms shifts for successful realization of industrie 4.0 concept. These include direct digital manufacturing, cloud manufacturing, distributed manufacturing, social manufacturing, wisdom manufacturing, sustainable manufacturing, and smart manufacturing. This study highlights effective approaches to smart manufacturing carried out by international governments, industrial organizations, and research communities. The race for the new smart manufacturing or Fourth Industrial Revolution has already begun. The research initiatives and research activities are extensively carried out in USA, UK, Germany, South Korea, Japan, China, Europe, and India. The studies reviewed include emerging manufacturing paradigms evolving under the umbrella of future Fourth Industrial Revolution. SAMARTH Udyog Bharat 4.0 initiative is the Indian manufacturing in the age of Industrie 4.0.