Mini-Review: Epidemiologie und zoonotisches Potential von multiresistenten Bakterien und von Clostridium difficile bei Nutztieren und in Lebensmitteln

Abstract Aim:Informationontheepidemiologyofmultiresistantbacteria(MRB)withzoonoticpotentialisgrowingbutstillremainsquiteincomplete. CarmenDahms 1 Nils-OlafHubner 1,2 Thisnarrativemini-reviewprovidesageneraloverviewoftheepidemi-ologyofthemostimportantzoonoticMRBincattle,swineandpoultry FlorianWilke 1inEurope. AxelKramer 1 Methods:AliteraturesearchwasconductedmainlyonthePubMedwebsiteincludingarticlespublisheduntilApril2012. 1InstituteofHygieneandEnvironmentalMedicine, Results: Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus(LA-MRSA)especiallyposesazoonoticrisktopeopleworkingin UniversityMedicine closecontactwithlivestock.Thesepeoplemaybecomecarriersthem- Greifswald,Germanyselvesandthehazardoftransmissionintohealth-carefacilitiesneeds 2InstituteofMedicalDiagnostics(IMD),Greifswald,Germany surveillance.Extended-spectrumbeta-lactamases(ESBL)producingbacteriaarewidelyspreadinbothhumansandlivestock,sharingsimilargenotypes,especiallyoftheCTX-M-group,whichmakesazoonotictransferverylikely.Identicalstrainsofvancomycin-resistantenterococci(VRE)werefoundbothinhumansandanimals,afteringestionofanimalstrainstransientcolonizationofthehumangutmaybepossible.Onlyafewdataareavailableonthetransmissionofmethicillin-resistantcoagulase-negativestaphylococci(MR-CoNS)betweenhumansandanimals.Directcontacttocolonizedanimalsmaybeariskfactoraswellastheexchangeofresistancegenesbetweenhumanandanimalstaphylococci.Clostridiumdifficile(C.difficile)ribotype078emergesinlivestockandhumansandazoonotictransmissionseemsprobableasgenotypesanddiseasesresembleeachother.Conclusion:AlldiscussedMRBandC.difficileareimportantnosocomialagentswhichalsooccurinlivestockandwerefoundinfoodsofanimalorigin.Furtheranalysisisneededtorevealtheexacttransmissionroutesandtoperformareliableriskassessment.Keywords:livestock,zoonoses,MRSA,Clostridiumdifficile,E.coli,ESBL,vancomycin,VRE,multiresistant