Solid Surface Analysis using the Secondary Electron Yield Spectrum.

Auger electron appearance potential spectroscopy (AEAPS) apparatus for the study of solid state surfaces was constructed and the working conditions were extensively examined for surfaces of the 3d transition metals (Ti∼Ni). For the clean surface of polycrystalline Ti, the spectra of the first and second derivative signals were in good agreement with theoretical results obtained from the unfilled 3d binding state at Fermi energy EF. The spectra of Ti, Fe and Ni were obtained on both clean and oxidized surfaces at room temperature. The AEAPS and soft Xray appearance potential spectroscopy (SXAPS) spectra were compared on the same Mn and Co clean surfaces. Relative L3 AEAPS signal strengths were measured for clean 3d transition metal (Ti∼Ni) surfaces.