Particle-induced Phagocytic Cell Responses are Material Dependent: Foreign Body Giant Cells Vs. Osteoclasts from a Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Particle-implantation Model

Abstract There is increasing concern about particles generated from wear-prone implants that are placed in body tissues, including artificial hip, knee, and jaw joints. Although phagocytes and foreign body giant cells are associated with inhaled or embedded particulate debris, some particles also induce bone digestion by eliciting the differentiation and proliferation of highly specialized osteoclastic cells. This report describes the differential phagocytic cellular responses to four implant-related types of ground, model wear particles in a live-egg cell-response model, as implants to the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM): polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), a main constituent of some temporomandibular joint (TMJ) implants and orthopedic cements used to retain artificial hips and knees; Proplast-HA, an implantable composite of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and degradable mineral (hydroxyapatite) that has been associated with bone erosion around failed TMJ implants; talc, a nondegradable mineral sometimes...