Huge Posterior Mediastinum Liposarcoma-A Rare Case Report

We describe a 73-year-old women who presented with dyspnea and dry cough for 6 months. The chest radiograph showed a ＂water-bag＂ silhouette with widened mediastinum. The computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed a huge posterior mediastinal mass with mixed soft tissue and fatty components, suggestive of liposarcoma. Biopsy of the lesion revealed spindle cell tumor composed of connective tissue with marked hyalinization. The patient agreed to surgery from the posterior mediastinum for complete resection. The pathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. After complete resection, she had an uneventful recovery. Liposarcoma is the most common sarcoma in adults, but primary liposarcoma of the mediastinum is very rare. Mediastinal liposarcoma is often localized in the anterior mediastinum, and posterior invasion is extremely rare. The patient may present with subtle clinical symptoms until the mass reaches a giant size. Complete surgical resection remains the main treatment strategy for mediastinal liposarcoma.