A clinical study on anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
2014
A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 12 months on 35
patients presenting with typical features of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy.
Patients with infectious/inflammatory diseases/other disorders that could cause visual
defect were excluded from the study. It was found that this disease mostly affects the
elderly population with 51-60 years being the most affected age group. Females were
found to be more affected than males with the predominance of right eye over left
eye. Diabetes mellitus was found to be the most common associated risk factor
followed by systemic hypertension. 69.44% of the subjects presented with poor visual
acuity in the range of 2/60 to 6/60. Pallid disc oedema was the most common
ophthalmoscopic finding followed by sectoral disc pallor. Superior and inferior
altitudinal field defects were predominant among patients in whom automated
perimetry was possible. In most of the patients, vision remained less than 6/60 despite
timely intervention with corticosteroids. The presence of diabetes mellitus is
associated with poor visual outcome. But hypertension and hyperlipidemia did not
affect the visual outcome. Thus anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy must be
considered as an important differential diagnosis of painless loss of vision in elderly
population associated with optic disc oedema. All patients must be thoroughly
evaluated for systemic risk factors and promptly treated to prevent the condition in the
other eye.
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