Propagation of New Chestnut Rootstocks with Improved Resistance Phytophthora cinnamomi – New Cast Rootstocks

Nowadays there is a great demand for chestnut rootstocks with improved resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi, the causing agent of ink disease/root rot. The majority of genotypes that are being commercialized and used in the new plantations, were selected from the breeding programs of the XX century. The climate scenarios have been changing throughout the years, therefore the selection of new genotypes, better adapted to the current conditions of soil and climate, together with an effective and expedite production system, are essential to fulfill the needs of the market on better propagation materials. The INIAV’s chestnut breeding program, established in 2006, aims the improvement of resistance of chestnut to biotic stresses. By taking advantage of micropropagation, this program developed a pipeline to produce new hybrid varieties with improved resistance to P. cinnamomi. Micropropagation helps to overcome the recalcitrance that chestnut tissues present to traditional clonal propagation techniques. This work describes the pipeline of production of these hybrids and characterizes the plants from in vitro to ex vitro conditions. The pipeline allows the development of healthy plants capable of robust and continuous growth in ex vitro conditions. Nowadays these hybrids are being multiplied in a large scale production system, to be released to the market in the near future.