Processes, Coefficients, and Models for Simulating Toxic Organics and Heavy Metals in Surface Waters

The reference manual provides kinetics formulations for users of models that compute the fate of toxic organic chemicals and heavy metals in natural surface waters. Rates and coefficients provided in the manual were collected through literature reviews through 1986. The manual describes basic concepts of transport and transformation mechanisms. Development of generalized mathematical models and analytical solutions to the equations are demonstrated. The manual includes a brief general description of four models (EXAMS, TOXIWASP, HSPF, and MINTEQ), example runs, and comparisons of these models.