Indicadores econômico-financeiros de empresas brasileiras: uma comparação entre setores

Purpose: Analyze weights of economic and financial indicators from different sectors of B3 and evaluate the impact of these weights when working with rankings of companies from different sectors simultaneously. Methodology: The population comprises the companies belonging to the IBrX100 and the sample is made up of 43 companies that presented all data in the Economatica database for 2017. Four lots of indicators were created: Liquidity, Debt, Profitability and Activity from the grouping of nine. distinct indicators. This research employs a set of Multicriteria Analysis techniques, (i) the Moora method (Multi-Objective Optimization on the basis of Ratio Analysis) for batch formation, (ii) the Critic Method (Criteria Importance Throught Intercriteria Correlation) for weighting, and (iii) the Weighted Sum Method for forming an alternative ranking. Results: The results indicate that the changes identified in the first 10 positions when analyzing the rankings were caused by the construction of the weights, allowing a fairer evaluation of the companies. From this approach stand out the companies that obtained good results in the indicators relevant to their sector, so that results in indicators of lower weight do not substantially interfere in the company's assessment. Profitability and activity were the most prominent lots. Contributions of the Study: The comparison of sectors using indicators is a limitation in the use of these and in the literature on the subject, so that a multicriteria approach was adopted to solve this limitation. This research contributes to the performance evaluation area because it offers a tool that allows to expand the use of the indicators, being useful for both internal and external users. As a theoretical contribution, the results of this research can serve as a basis to justify the choice of the appropriate indicators according to the objectives of each research.