Meta-Analysis of Cultural Influences in Trauma Exposure and PTSD Prevalence Rates.

INTRODUCTION The global prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) continues to rise, the influence of culture and resilience remains unclear. This review and meta-analysis aimed to (a) examine the prevalence of PTSD among studies addressing culture and resilience, and (b) compare the PTSD prevalence rates across different trauma exposures and cultural contexts. METHODOLOGY PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published between 01/01/2000 to 12/01/019 that defined PTSD, reported PTSD prevalence rates, and addressed culture and resilience. Meta-analysis of PTSD prevalence rates was performed using generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS Thirty articles met all search criteria. In the pooled sample of 20,138 participants, 3,403 met defined PTSD diagnostic criteria. The random-effects model showed PTSD cultural effects. Refugees displaced in similar cultures (0.44) had higher rates of PTSD. DISCUSSION Findings indicate that trauma-informed, practical assessments of health protective cultural determinants may promote individual resilience and reduce the risk of PTSD in displaced refugees.