Angiotensin II, a missing node in new pathogenic glomerulotubular feedback loop

Recently, a pathogenic glomerulotubular feedback loop was proposed to be a mechanism involving in the transition from acute kidney diseases to chronic status, with highlighting immune cells as a center of this loop. Several important limitations largely reduce its applicable content. Here we amended this proposal by introducing Ang II as a missing node into the paradigm. We believe that better understanding key questions such as interactions between Ang II and immune cells may foster new promising therapeutic options in the prevention of acute-to-chronic transition.