Inconvenientes del uso de promedios de parámetros fisicoquímicos no conservativos, ejemplos de caso lagunas costeras mexicanas

espanolContexto: La amplia variacion en los parametros fisicoquimicos y biologicos costeros, son resultado de factores locales naturales: clima, geomorfologia, influencia marina, descargas fluviales, como los antropogenicos, resultando variaciones amplias y esto ha dado lugar al uso de promedios que no reflejan la realidad acuatica. Por lo anterior el presente estudio analiza el comportamiento teorico de los parametros conservativos y los no conservativos y biologicos de lagunas costeras tanto del Golfo de Mexico como del Pacifico mexicano, a traves de datos referidos como minimos, maximos y promedio, y su grado certeza. Metodologia: Se recabo informacion fisicoquimica y biologica de 11 lagunas costeras con diferencias ambientales extremas: cinco de la vertiente del Golfo de Mexico y seis del Pacifico mexicano, segun la disponibilidad y continuidad de la informacion. Resultados: Los intervalos de los parametros conservativos y no conservativos (maximo y minimo) fueron significativamente amplios, asociados a factores climaticos estacionales (precipitaciones y estiaje), descargas fluviales temporales o permanentes, manejo del agua en el area terrestre adyacente, asi como por la influencia mareal. Por lo tanto, emplear un promedio basado en maximos y minimos de esos factores no es recomendable. En los parametros no conservativos hubo diferencias de variacion cortas o de mayor amplitud; debidas a la dinamica de circulacion, epoca, incluso, a la anualidad hasta la interanualidad, por lo que no es recomendable utilizar promedios. Con base en lo anterior, se estimaron mayores variaciones en los parametros acuaticos en las lagunas del Pacifico y mayor homogeneidad en las del Golfo de Mexico, resultado de la regularidad fluvioclimatica, menor influencia antropogenica y de menor manejo costero. Conclusiones: Para un diagnostico con una vision integrativa de los factores fisicoquimicos y biologicos costeros, es necesario basarse en el conocimiento de las condiciones normales locales que incluyen: la dinamica fisica, fluvial, geomorfologica e influencias terrestres adyacentes, para diferenciarse de los impactos antropogenicos, que modifican las caracteristicas acuaticas; por lo que no es adecuado referir los resultados como minimos, maximos y promedios que en muchos casos el intervalo entre el primero y el ultimo puede ser amplio, inseguro y erroneo; ademas de no ser repetitivos o permanentes y variar heterogeneamente, como se pudo apreciar en las lagunas elegidas del Golfo de Mexico y Pacifico Mexicano. EnglishContext: The wide variation in coastal physicochemical and biological parameters are the result of natural local factors: climate, geomorphology, marine influence, river discharges, such as anthropogenic, resulting in wide variations and this has resulted in the use of averages that do not reflect aquatic reality Therefore, the present study analyzes the theoretical behavior of the conservative and non-conservative and biological parameters of coastal lagoons of both the Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Pacific, through data referred to as minimum, maximum and average, and their degree of certainty. Methodology: Physicochemical and biological information was collected from 11 coastal lagoons with extreme environmental differences: five from the Gulf of Mexico and six from the Mexican Pacific, according to the availability and continuity of the information. Results: The intervals of the conservative and non-conservative parameters (maximum and minimum) were significantly wide, associated with seasonal climatic factors (rainfall and drainage), temporary or permanent river discharges, water management in the adjacent land area, as well as by tidal influence. Therefore, using an average based on maximum and minimum of those parameters is not recommended. In the non-conservative parameters, there were short or larger differences in variation; due to the dynamics of circulation, epoch, even, to the annuity until the interannuality, so it is not advisable to use averages. Based on the above, greater variations in aquatic parameters were estimated in the lagoons of the Pacific and greater homogeneity in those of the Gulf of Mexico, as a result of fluvioclimatic regularity, less anthropogenic influence and less coastal management. Conclusions: For a diagnosis results with an integrative view of coastal physicochemical and biological factors, it is necessary to rely on knowledge of local normal conditions that include: physical, river, geomorphological dynamics and adjacent terrestrial influences, to differentiate from anthropogenic impacts, which they modify the aquatic characteristics; therefore, it is not appropriate to refer the results as minimum, maximum and average that in many cases the interval between the first and the last can be wide, with insecure and erroneous results; in addition to not being repetitive or permanent and vary heterogeneously, as could be seen in the chosen lagoons of the Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Pacific. Keywords: physicochemical parameters, coastal lagoons of Mexico