Silk fibroin nanoparticles for enhanced bio-macromolecule delivery to the retina

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate intravitreal injection of silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNs) encapsulating bio-macromolecules, achieving enhanced drug bioavailability, and extended retention in retina. SFNs were prepared with regenerated silk fibroin using desolvation method with fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) as bio-macromolecular model drug encapsulated. In vitro physicochemical properties and in vitro drug release of FITC-BSA loaded SFNs (FITC-BSA-SFNs) were evaluated. Cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and retention of FITC-BSA-SFNs were determined in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19). In addition, in vivo distribution and safety of intravitreally administered FITC-BSA-SFNs were investigated in New Zealand white rabbits. The particle size of FITC-BSA-SFNs was 179.1 ± 3.7 nm with polydispersity index of 0.102 ± 0.033 and the zeta potential was greater than −25 mV. FITC-BSA-SFNs exhibited excellent biocompatibility with no cytotoxicity o...